11/12/2022 0 Comments Roger penrose![]() New evidence for cyclic universe claimed by Roger Penrose and colleagues. Brasília: Editora Unb, 2018.ĬARTLIDGE, Edwin. Mal-estar e moralidade: situação humana, ética e procriação responsável. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.ĬABRERA, Julio. The Human Predicament: a candid guide to life's biggest questions. Why the Many-Worlds Interpretation Has Many Problems. Those that have a negative view of life and don't procreate - and even those who commit suicide before procreating - do not pass on their genes, therefore, there will always be a tendency to have more rational animals embracing life than denying it (BENATAR, 2017).īALL, Philip. As Schopenhauer noted, when it comes to procreating humanity doesn't rely only on reason. Like us, these potential future rational animals would be programmed to survive and would end up inventing all kinds of excuses in order to continue procreating in this burning house. A universe composed only by photons and mass-less particles becomes invariant relative to its size, regardless of how big it was before. It stops being infinitely large and becomes infinitely small, since without a way to measure time, there is no space: all of the sudden, all particles and photons that were left in the universe occupy an immensely small space, just like the Big Bang that produced our universe. In physics, time needs objects with mass to have any meaning. If these two conditions hold, the only things left in the universe after the evaporation of the last black holes will be photons and other elementary particles without mass - and here is where the geometrical conformity comes into play in the CCC hypothesis. Penrose also assumes that black holes destroy all the information that they swallow, something that his late colleague, Stephen Hawking, also agreed (but Hawking changed his mind about this a few years before his death). The collapse of the universe into a new singularity would occur only if we didn't have a force that produces an ever faster expansion of space-time - the already mentioned dark energy, which is basically the cosmological constant proposed (and discarded) by Albert Einstein Ĥ. Penrose and his colleagues assume that, in the extreme future, all elementary particles will decay, including protons - this, however, has never been observed, but a considerable amount of physicists believe it will happen in the extreme future. Other scenarios that could occur have been discarded by observations, at least for now - scenarios such as the Big Crunch, in which the mass of the universe would make it collapse in itself in the future, creating the same singularity that existed in the beginning of time, before the Big Bang (maybe even producing a new universe). However, the acceleration of the expansion will produce another end for our universe: the scenario called Heat Death, which will occur when the entropy of the entire system reaches a maximum point and work can no longer be performed in the universe (PENROSE, 2010 PIMBLETT, 2015 FALK, 2020). This expansion won't be extreme enough in order to produce the scenario known as the Big Rip, which is when all of the most elementary particles and even space-time itself are ripped apart due to the ever increasing acceleration of the expansion. ![]()
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